Cesar Pattein | Wheat / Il grano, 1891

Son of a farmer, César Pattein (1850-1931) painted scenes of rustic life focusing on the happy times of the day with children laughing, playing and forgetting the toils of the hard day’s work.

Born in Steenvoorde, in northern France, César Pattein was raised among farmers and maintained a close connection to the rural region throughout his life.

He seldom traveled much further than Lille, with the occasional journey to Paris when exhibiting at the Salon.

Claude Monet | Meules, 1890

The year 1890 was a watershed moment in Claude Monet’s life-he turned fifty, bought property for the first time and negotiated the purchase of Édouard Manet’s Olympia and its ensuing placement in the French national collection.

Any of these could have been the most notable occurrence of that period, but 1890 was also the year that Monet painted the most definitive artistic series of the nineteenth century - his Meules.

Claude Monet | Meules, 1890 | Sotheby's

Hugues Merle | The Forgotten, 1850

Hugues Merle (1822–1881) has long been associated with his friend and possible rival, William Bouguereau (1825-1905).

Merle was just two years older than Bouguereau, and their thematic and artistic concerns and meticulous degree of finish resulted in comparison from critics and collectors alike.

Merle began exhibiting at the Salon des Artistes Français in 1847 and went on to become to teacher of Elizabeth Gardner Bouguereau, Bouguereau's wife and a talented painter in her own right.

Hugues Merle | The Forgotten, 1850 | Sotheby's

Vincent van Gogh | Landscape under a stormy sky, 1889

Van Gogh's dramatically atmospheric Paysage sous un ciel mouvementé is one of the finest of the artist's Arles landscapes.

Painted amidst the most fruitful period of the artist's career, when his canvases were flooded with rich passages of densely-painted color, the composition depicts a verdant field under threat of an explosive rainstorm.

Van Gogh creates a scene of intense anticipation here, replete with psychological drama as the laborers hurry to finish their work before the heavens rain down upon them.

Vincent van Gogh | Landscape Under a Stormy Sky, 1889 | Sotheby's

Camille Pissarro | Hoarfrost, young peasant girl making fire, 1888

"Gelée blanche, jeune Paysanne faisant du feu" is one of Pissarro’s great masterpieces.

Painted in 1888 at the peak of the artist’s engagement with Neo-Impressionism and conceived on a grand scale, it is a brilliant rendering of light and atmosphere.

The subject is a cold winter’s morning, the low sun casts shadows across the meadow and in these shadows the night’s frost lingers; against this backdrop a young woman and a child build a fire, the smoke rising with a heat that shimmers and eddies across the frozen landscape.

Camille Pissarro | Hoarfrost, young peasant girl making fire / Gelée blanche, jeune Paysanne faisant du feu, 1888 | Museum Barberini

Claude Monet | Alice Hoschedé au jardin, 1881

Monet's magnificent depiction of his garden at Vétheuil exemplifies the visual splendor of Impressionism at its height.

Monet painted this work in 1881 as a new chapter of his life was unfolding, and this picture expresses the exuberance and renewed passion of the artist during this important period.

Seated among the flowers is Alice Hoschedé, the artist's thirty-seven year old lover and the wife of his close friend and patron Ernst Hoschedé.

The composition is lavished with all of the hallmarks of a great Impressionist composition, with its vivid color palette, intermingling of the natural elements and interplay of light and shadow.

Claude Monet | Alice Hoschedé au jardin, 1881

Pierre-Auguste Renoir | Fragments and studies

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1841-1919) was fascinated by hats and their infinite array of trimmings.

To quote the model-turned-painter Suzanne Valadon: "Renoir particularly loved women's hats... he never ceased buying lots of hats".

The millinery trade was a thriving industry in Paris during the second half of the 19th century.

When the vogue for hats reached its peak, Paris was home to about 1,000 milliners.

Since hats represented the most variable accessory in a wardrobe, even women with moderate means owned several.

In this kaleidoscopic sketch, Renoir lavished his attention on the hats, while the heads are no more individualized than mannequins.

Pierre-Auguste Renoir | Study of Heads, 1890 | Barnes Foundation

Robert Kemm | Admiring the painting, 1880

Robert Kemm (1837-1895) was a British painter.

He was considered a Romantic painter of genre scenes, especially Andalusia landscapes and figures.

This artwork called "Admiring the painting" was painted in oil and is a highly staged piece of work.

The room setting could easily be the artists studio, with the easel, palette and assortment of props.

William Bouguereau | Joueur de flûte, 1878

In his accounts, Bouguereau gave a title of Tête d’enfant avec une flûte to the present work, yet the instrument depicted more closely resembles a piffero, an Italian folk instrument related to the modern oboe, which was used by the musical troupes who would descend from the hills around Rome to celebrate Christmas.

Both the music and the sweet expression of Bouguereau’s young musician likely evoked the artist’s happy memories of travel to Italy in the late 1840s.

Bouguereau had painted young musicians as early as 1870 in works like Pifferaro (Bartoli, no. 1870/80, and sold in these rooms April 18, 2007, lot 90).

Ludovico Carracci | The penitent Saint Peter, 1613

Although mentioned by Ludovico's earliest biographer Malvasia as early as 1678, all trace of this monumental and imposing image of repentance was lost until its rediscovery only thirty years ago.

Malvasia recorded how Ludovico had given to Count Camillo Bolognetti, a nobleman and occasional amateur painter in the Carracci workshop, 'la figura intera di quel S. Pietro piangente, così risentito e terribile'.

In a handwritten note included in the 1841 edition of his Felsina pittrice the picture is referred to as 'San Pietro piangente l'aversi negato discepolo di Cristo, figura sedente, meno del naturale'.

Vincent van Gogh | Fleurs dans un verre (Auvers, 1890)

"Fleurs dans un verre" belongs to a very small group of floral still lifes that Vincent van Gogh completed in his seventy day residency in Auvers-sur-Oise, where he would bring his life to an end in the height of the summer of 1890.

In his seventy days in Auvers, van Gogh would paint seventy or so canvases, a huge output by any measure.

Many of these canvases represent the village of Auvers itself and its immediate surroundings. There are also major portraits and, rarer still, still lifes such as Fleurs dans un verre. | © Sotheby's

Vincent van Gogh | Fleurs dans un verre (Auvers, 1890)

Paul Gauguin | Natura morta con manghi, 1893

"Natura morta con manghi" fu probabilmente eseguito a Tahiti, durante il primo viaggio del pittore Francese Paul Gauguin (1848-1903) nell'isola nel 1891-93, anche se Georges Wildenstein suggerisce che potrebbe risalire alla sua seconda visita nei Mari del Sud, intorno al 1896.

Ispirato dal lussureggiante ambiente che lo circonda, "Natura morta con manghi" incarna la ricerca per tutta la vita dell'artista del primitivo e mostra la stessa vivacità ed atmosfera sensuale e la tavolozza luminosa e calda che caratterizzava i suoi celebri paesaggi tahitiani e dipinti di figure. | © Sotheby's

Roderic O'Conor | Romeo and Juliet, 1898-1900

This extraordinary painting, Roderic O'Conor's answer to "The Kiss"🎨 by Edvard Munch, belongs to a group of imaginative compositions the Irish artist🎨 worked on during the closing years of the nineteenth century.

Living in isolation in the small Breton town of Rochefort-en-terre, whilst keeping in touch by letter with Gauguin🎨, de Chamaillard and Seguin, O'Conor composed from memory to create works of Symbolist🎨 intent.

Claude Monet | A bouquet of gladioli, lilies and daisies, 1878

Painted in 1878, Monet’s "Bouquet of gladioli, lilies and daisies" / "Bouquet de glaïeuls, lis et marguerites" - beautifully demonstrates the artist’s ability to evoke the lavishness and vitality of flowers, rendering them with extraordinary freshness and spontaneity.

Paul Gauguin | Petit Breton à l'Oie, 1889

This important depiction of the Breton countryside is one of the pictures that Gauguin completed in 1889, when he was working in Pont Aven.

Executed with lush colors and linear undulations that presage his pictures of the tropics, this composition presents an exoticized depiction of the region, interpreted through the stylization of Gauguin’s late Symbolist aesthetic.

The romanticizing of the natural world in this picture is indicative of Gauguin's desire to escape the trappings of industrialized France in the months prior to his departure for the South Pacific. | © Sotheby's

Guillaume Seignac | Reunited, 1918-1919

This work was probably executed by Guillaume Seignac (French Academic painter, 1870-1924) in 1918-1919.

It represents two women symbolizing France and Alsace.

Seignac painted another composition in 1914, representing "Belgium, France and England before the German invasion" (Sale, Paris, April 22nd 2009, lot 87).

Pierre-Auguste Renoir | L'Église à Essoyes, 1890

The great impressionist painter Pierre-Auguste Renoir🎨 lived in the charming little village of Essoyes, in the Aube department of Champagne-Ardennes (in north-central France) from 1896-1907.

The village, hometown of his wife Aline and model and governess of his children Gabrielle Renard, is represented in many of his paintings.

Michael Ancher | Skagen girl in a red shawl, 1881

Michael Peter Ancher (1849-1927) came to Skagen in 1874 at the age of 25, and he was the only one of the visiting artists who settled permanently in the town.

He grew up on the island of Bornholm, and at the age of 16, he began his apprenticeship as a clerk at the Kalø Manor in Djursland.

Here, he began to draw and paint in his spare time, and in 1871 he was accepted as a student at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts in Copenhagen.

Here, he met Karl Madsen, among others, who encouraged him to go to Skagen.

Michael Ancher | Skagen girl in a red shawl, 1881

William Bouguereau | L’Orientale à la grenade, 1875

At the close of the 1860s, William-Adolphe Bouguereau’s (1825-1905) reputation had been secured by his masterful portrayals of peasant life in the French countryside.

Yet the artist did not limit himself in sources of inspiration and, like many of his contemporaries, became interested in the people and culture of North Africa and the Middle East.

Konstantin Gorbatov | Boats in a Harbour, 1928

Charmed by Italy’s romantic aesthetics and inspired by its warmth and light, the Post-Impressionist artist Konstantin Ivanovich Gorbatov (1876-1945) created some of his most accomplished paintings while living on the island of Capri in the early 1920s.

Gorbatov and his wife emigrated to Berlin in 1926, but he returned annually to Italy until the beginning of World War II.

The monumental Boats in a Harbour, dated 1928, is an exquisite example of Gorbatov’s strength as a colourist and his bold mastery of light and shadow.